Antenna structure on aeroplanes for wireless signaling.



W. HAHNEMANN. ANTENNA STRUCTURE 0N AEHOPLANES FOR WRELES S SIGNALING APPLICATION FILED' SAN. 13, 19 5.

1 21 9.550 rammed MM. 20, 1917.

Wham: Jnrmlor W. H'AHNEMANN.

ANTENNA STRUCTURE 0N AEROPLANES FOR WIRELESS SIGNALING.

r APPLICATION FILED JAN. 13, 1915,

Ijatented Mar. 20,1917.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

- w. HAHNEMANN. ANTENNA STRUCTURE 0N AEROPLANES FOR WIRELEiS SIGNALING.

IAPPLIC'ATWN HLED JAN. 13, l9l5.

1,219,550.. I Patented Mar.20,l917= 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 441w ML.

Werk Ravensberg,

. UNITED STATES rn EN-T onrlcn.

WALTER HAHNEMANN, OF KITZEBERG, KIEL, GERMANY, A5 SIGNOB TO THEFIBI SIGNAL GESELLSCHAFT M. B. 1-1., 01 KIEL, GERMANY.

ANTENNA. STRUCTURE ON-AEROPLANES FOR WIRELILSS SIGNALING.

Patented Mar. 20, 1917.

Application filed January 13. 1915. Serial No. 2,018.

many, and 'whose post-ollice address is in care of Signal Gesellschaft m. b. H 'Kiel, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Antenna Structures on Aeroplancs for -\Vireless Signaling; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full; clear, and exact description of the invention. such as will en-- able others skilled in the art to which it appertai'ns to make and. use the same.

Ink-Letters Patent of the United States Noi ".1,116,059', issuedfto me on November 3rd, 1914, I have described an antenna struc- "ture combinedwith an aeroplane wherein one conducting element is consolidated with the aeroplane structure and the second conducting element is termed by wires extend illgfrtnn the top of a single self-supported mast to insulated n1en'1bersattached also to connections fastened to extremities of the aeroplane. This mast rises above substantially the center of gravity of the-aeroplane, and perferably is made of insulated material such as bamboo, and is fastened to then 1d parts of the aeroplane structure. of the antenna away from the conducting parts of the aeroplane structure, the length ,of the said second conducting element is materially limited, and for that reason the range and effectiveness of transmission is limited.

The object of the-presentinvention is to increase the range over which wireless Wavesv may be transmitted from. and received by an operator on the aeroplane, and also to increase the effectiveness of the transmissiol'i. whether the aeroplane is in flight or on the ground. I do this in the present invention by providing a plurality of masts carrying the second conducting element between their tops and being; arranged to provide two masts risin synimetrically oi the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane in such wise that, the stability and maneuvering properties of the aeroplane are not interfered with, whether the aeroplane is of the monoplane, biplane or polyplane type. In some .cases it suffices porting planes symmetrica 1y of the longi- -the well known li ind.

b extend a little above the top of the upper.

from the sup- ,inembers inserted to provide effective clerated portions t-l erect. In all cases the masts may be slurter-than in. the case of the singie mast of the patent above referred to, because the part of the antenna. extending between the tops of the mast is more advantageously lo sated with respect to the conducting parts of the aeroplane. This condition gives greater latitude in design for any desired degree of stability in liight and maneuvering capabilities in launching and landing, while at the same time the,

range of transmission of the wireless apparatusvis still greater than obtains with the single mast structure. The height of the masts is less than the heightoi'i mast for the same range in one-n1asted aeroplanes, as before stated, the height of which may not, for the )urposes of obtaining a sufiicient range. e than onehalf of the length of the wings, and may not, for purposes of safety, be greater than the length of the wings. i

In the accompaniing perspective drawings illustrating several embodiments within'niy invention in application toa biplane, as an example,

Figure 1 shows two masts and a flat top antenna; Fig. 2 shows t'n'ee masts with .a triangle of flat top antenl a. forming the second conducting element of the system and Fig. 3 shows an arrangement like Fig. 2 with the addith n of conducting elements fastened between the tops of the masts and the aeroplane.

In all the embodiments the supporting planes 7:, the tail supporting structure f. and the launching and landing gear Z are of The steel. tubes b and supporting plant at substantially equal dis tances on the two sides of the longitudinal center line of tl'B aeroplane. These masts are fastened rigidly to the aeroplane structure in any suitable way and are guyed b the wires 1 and The masts a and at are preferably of bamboo and are fastened in 5 the steel tubes 1/ and b, rising therefrom in a substantially vertical directionto a suitable elevation above the top supporting plane.

In Fig. 1, a single flat top antenna, made up of two parallel wires in a substantially horizontal plane, forms the second conducting element and connected by the wire to receiving or transmitting apparatus of the well known hind, located in convenient rea'tirnrto the operators-seat.

ln"l ig. 2 a third mast a, similar to the others, rises in a substantially vertical (lircction from the steel tube 0, which is i'igidly fastened and guyed by the wires 0 to the tail supporting structure at a point considerably removed from the supporting planes, The conducting parts, (I, d and (Z of the antenna areal-ranged triangularly ljetween'the tops of the three. masts.

Figf-El shows the-three flat top elements, Li ankl l connected to the receiving or transmitting apparatus by wires 6, c and e, as in Fig. 2, and it also shows the wires 9, y and 5 extending from the tops of the masts to the aeroplane, the. effective portions of these wires lying between the tops-0f the masts and the. upper insulating members 2' inserted therein.

In all of the embodiments, the frame of the aeroplane is made up of conducting elements and is used as one element of the antenna structure. Furthermore, the inasts,. whether two in number or three, are symmetrically dis osed relatively to the longitudinal axis 0 the aeroplane. I

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is: I

1. The coinbinatimi with an aeroplane, of an antenna structure for transmitting or re ceiving wireless signals, con'iprising two masts rising from the. supporting pla ies' symmetrically of the longitudinal "axis of the aeroplane, a conducting element. extend ing between the tops of the masts in a plane substantially parallel with the aeroplane structure and being insulated therefrom, and another conducting element consolidated with the aeroplane structure and extending substantially the distancel-ietween the masts.

.2. The combination with an aeroplane, of an antenna structure for transmitting or receiving wireless signals, comprising two masts rising from the supporting planes symmetrically of the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane, a third mast rising from the tail supporting structure, considerably removed from the supporting planes. a conducting element extending between the tops 'of the masts in'a plane substantiall I rarallel with the aeroplane structure and emg insulated 'trieally conducting element therefrom, and another conducting element consolidated with the aeroplane structure and extendingsubstantially the distance. between the masts.

3. The combination with an aeroplane, of an antenna structure for transmitting or receiving wireless signals. comprising an elecconsolidated with the aeroplane structure, a plurality of masts extending above the aeroplane structure symmetrically of the, longitudinal axis thereof and being insulated therefrom, and.

a second conducting element extending bc tween the tops of the n'iasts and also from the tops of the masts to insulating members in connecting parts fastened to the aeroplane structure.

4. The combination with an aeroplane, of an antenna structure for transn'iitting or receiving wireless signals, comprising an electrically conducting element consolidated with the aeroplane structure, a plurality of masts extending above the aeroplane strum ture at points removed from the center of gravity thereof, and being ins lated there from, and a second conductingelement extending between the tops of the masts, the height of each of the masts being less than the height of a mast for the same range on a one-mast aeroplane.

The coi'nbination with an aeroplane, of an antenna structure for transmittingor receiving wireless signals, comprising an electrically conducting element consolidated with the aeroplane structure, a pluralityof masts extending abovethe aero )lane' structure symmetrically of the longitudinal axis thereof and being insulated therefrom, and a second conducting element extending between the tops. of the masts, the height of each of the masts being less than the height of a mast for the same rangeon a one-mast aeroplane.

'6'. The combination with an aeroplane, of an antenna Stl'l lCilllO for transmitting or receirini wireless signals, comprising an electrically conducting element consolidated with the aeroplane. structure, two masts rising from the supporting planes symmetriJ cally of the longitudinal axis of the aeroplane, and a second conducting element extending between the tops of the masts and being insulated from the first conducting element, the height of each of the masts being less than the height of a mast for the same range on a one-mast aeroplane.

7'. The'combination with an aeroplane. of anantenna structure for transmitting our-eceiving wireless signals, comprising an electrically conducting elementconsolidated with the aeroplane structure, two mas-ts risfrom the supportin plane, a'third' mast rising from the tail sup. portlng structure. considerably removed mg Q planes symmetrica ly of the. longitudma axis of the aero from the supporting p lanesyand a secdnd 1 conducting elemenbextending between the tops of the three masts and being insulated frdm the first conductin element, the height of each of vthe masts mast aeroplane.

eing' less than the height of a mast fer the same range on a one In testimonj wherehf I elfix in presence of two witnes ms.

Witnesses: j

M. A. BILL KENNETH PENIIIIE;

my eignatnre,

. WALTER HAHNEMANN. 

